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Before Jesus, in the years of 2000, firstly people
coming from Lelek, Karia, Lidya had settled down as a society to the
slopes of Pilav Mountain. Then one by one with the unit settlements
Pigale, Maratheson, Neopolis, Panionion; Ions and later Romans by
Ephesus’ coming into the dominance of Rome, had lived in these
lands.
Today’s Kusadasi is founded in 16th century by Venetians being
a colony. The castle in small island was built for the purpose of
observation in Byzantium term. In the Middle Ages, Kusadasi, being
a part, was used by Venetians and Genoeses which had taken the name
of Scala Nuova.The city was surrounded by castle walls for being protected
from the violence of pirates. It’s known that there’s
an Ionian Region of Kusadasi. This had taken an important harbor mission
on Asia-Europe trade road throughout long years.
In the period of Scalar Nova time, the Armenians dominant to trade,
Greeks, Jews had joined to former nations. Turks with the Malazgirt
War in 1071 had started to spread on Anatolia and during the process
of Turkish principalities’ formation, in 1304 Sir Sasa had been
the authority of Kusadasi and around. Sir Mehmet had connected this
vicinity to Aydinogullari with Sasa’s dying.
Kusadasi is a harbor town and Turks had bleared this in mind. Although
they were from Middle Asia source and far away from maritime business,
they had learnt maritime as well as the Ephesus’ in a short
time. They had lived comfortably with the spoils they caught at sea
wars. Kilic Arslan had added this place to Selcuklu Government and
Scalar Nova again had become the exportation gate of Anatolia in 1186.
Yildirim Beyazit had joined Ayasulug to his principalities and in
this way the city had been Ottoman’s in the year of 1390. Timur
had decided to take the whole Anatolia under his sovereign but when
he could not take Ayasulug, he had fired the castle in which Ottoman
soldiers resisted himself. And St. Jean Church had damaged from this
event very badly. By I. Celebi Mehmet Kusadasi had gathered to Ottoman’s
and it had become a district. |
With the vicinities’ passing
to Ottoman, Turks had entered to societies in these places. At the
end of 1st World War, Ottoman Government had overcome, so Kusadasi
had given to Italians, and because of this, Italians had added to
Turks, Greeks, Jews, Armenians. All these minorities had left our
country on 7th September in 1923 with the winning of independence
war, and later connecting to remaining nation, the mixture bringing
by the exchange way, a new society had formed, and with the treasure
lands from Guzelcamli to Selcuk, the estates of Greeks which went
had given to these immigrants in return to their properties there
Afterwards some of the Turks came to Anatolia had gone back to places
they came again, but this migration had repeated of the 2. World War.
This migration had taken place since 1941 to 1955 and thus today’s
people of Kusadasi had started to form rapidly. Kusadasi living parallel
to Ephesus in history and the settlement units around it and the places
that have historical and touristical value are those; People of Ephesus
believed that they could reach better trade, superior art, more wonderful
land processing by knowledge trade they would make with their neighbor.
They persuaded the whole “Ion” cities to form a confederation
with the contacts that had been made by them.
Combining Ephesus, Samos, Khos, Millets, Kolosan, Miyus, Priene, Lebedos,
Klazomenai, Eryli and later Smryna (12 Ion city) a confederation was
established. This in one since, was the first united nations community
of the world. The members of this unit which was formed of this cities,
would carry of the findings and knowledge that they got from science,
art, trade, agriculture, maritime trade and they would have made their
religious ceremonies in which they would offer vows to their holly
God Poseidon.
There was a place on the north of Mykale (Samson) Mountain. This land
belonged to Ephesus’, Samos’, at the end of the shore
tape, there was a land belonging to Priene’, above this land,
they found a place appropriate for this unit. This was told in an
inscription found in the church of Guzelcamli. Here, in general, after
the harvest time, federation members made meetings. They gave conferences
about the problems of their city’s development, agriculture,
trade, art, navigation and they did knowledge trade at these assemblies.
Panionion was at the same time a prediction center in which religious
ceremonies were arranged to the name of God Poseidon. Panionion, was
in Priene’s lands and under its management. In the year 1913,
German researcher Thwegand, had studied in this region, he had found
the prop walls which were in a circle style and on the St. Ilias hill,
its name is now Automatic Hill. He had proved that there had been
an ancient settlement there. On the west side of the wall, there was
a construction formed from 8 steps had been attracted attention of
the researchers.
In the investigation that Wiegand made, such a settlement unit had
been found in Panionion which was a meeting place. Considering another
researcher J. Keil, the other settlement unit had been found in Guzelcamli’s
300 meter south-east. This place was opened to sea on the south-east
and on the top point of the valley, also this unit was protected itself
being lively till the Christian term. Again according to other researchers,
Panionion was in the lands of Melia ancient city. And Mykale was living
with itself closely because of the mountains, Yolvermez rocky place.
Ceramics pieces belonging to Melia ancient city are caught at sides
even today. It’s still possible to see the castle wall remnants
formed of out of order stones that surround the hill on the west of
Guzelcamli. This wall is in the border of Panionion, and belong to
Karia construction art. For this reason, it’s real that it can
be the remnant of Melia ancient city’s rampart walls.
Federation members, artists, lecturers,
spectators, farmers who would exhibit their goods, producers, widely
traveled priests started to come Panionion before months for the art
demonstrations and religious ceremonies that would continue many days.
In the period of preparing these shows and throughout the show Anias,
Melias, Ephesus, slaves set free, Prienes in Panionion later had settled
down to these lands and had formed the first nations of Davutlar and
Guzelcamli. At their free times, what is left over from fair, they
had become exerts in raising olive, grape, fig and other fruits and
vegetables in these fertile lands.
The first international exposition of the world had been assembled
in Kusadasi. Ephesus people had wanted these ceremonies to be made
in a place near by Ephesus because they insisted on the subject that
the meeting in Panionion could not be done in security for the political
disorder which Anatolia was in at 5th century before Christ.9 Governments
had adapted to this invitation, 3 had declared that they couldn’t
join. According to Diotoros; thus Ion unity had broken down. The first
political and social mistakes had started at Ion history too. Also
at the term which Pers were dominant in Anatolia, Ion union activities
had been stopped, Panionion festivals had started again with the Great
Alexander’s driving back Pers from Anatolia (before Christ 334).
But the festival which Ions arranged for the honor of Alexander at
Erythrai city near by Cesme had reduced the majesty of Panionion and
the old bright days hadn’t been a way of living once more after
Alexander.
Kusadasi means "Bird Island" and the town takes its name
from the little island (whose name in Turkish means "Pigeon"
or "Dove Island") that is in the harbor and is now connected
by a causeway to the shore. Accommodations are what Kusadasi really
stars in and there are numerous hotels, motels, and holiday villages
located in and around the town that cater to every taste and pocket.
Thanks to the marina and good harbor, Kusadasi is a favorite calling
place for yachts and tour vessels with the result that there are many
good shopping opportunities to be found.
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Kesit
Tourism and Travel Agency
Caglayan Mah. 2007 Sok. No: 7 TR 07230Antalya / Turkey
Tel: + 90 - 242 - 323 90 09 - Fax: +90-242 - 323 96
66
E-mail :
info@kesit.com
Licence Nr : 3528
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